Wednesday, July 26, 2017

Buying a camera with an interchangeable lens is an exciting experience, but it can also be overwhelming. Whether DSLR or mirrorless, these cameras offer superior image sensors and a bevy of features and adjustable settings. Even entry-level models have a confusing number of buttons and controls. Choosing a camera like this is not just about resolution, dynamic range, or other objective metrics of image quality, but about being able to achieve a specific effect or creative vision.

To help you learn more about your new camera and its functions, we’ve put together this guide explaining what each button on your typical DSLR’s body and lens does. Exact placement of these buttons varies between models, brands, and camera type, but they’re usually situated in the same general location and offer similar functionality. Learning the layout of one camera — in this case, a Nikon D5600 with a retractable kit lens — will help you better understand other models, as well. Read on to find out more.

The top of the camera


what does this do an explanation of dslr buttons camera button guide top

The top of the camera is usually where you’ll find the most commonly-used controls. Some cameras are chock-full of buttons and dials on top, but the D5600 keeps it as simple as possible with just the essentials.

Video start-stop button — Don’t press the red button! Unless you want to shoot video, that is. This button may show up in a different position on your camera, but it is likely still decorated with a red dot. Some cameras forgo a separate record button and instead use the regular shutter button, along with a movie mode on the mode dial, for shooting videos.

ប៊ូតុង​ថត​វីដេអូ (Video start/stop)
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ ប្រើ​សម្រាប់ ថត​វីដេអូ ដែល​តំណាង​ដោយ ប៊ូតុង​មាន​ចំណុច​ក្រហម​ពី​លើ​។ កាមេរ៉ា​ខ្លះ​ប្រើប្រាស់​ប៊ូតុង​ថត​រូប​ធម្មតា​ដោយ​អាច​ប្ដូរ​ ​Mode ជា​ ​Movie mode លើ Mode dial សម្រាប់​ថត​វីដេអូ​។

Power switch — This turns the camera on and off. Nikon power switches typically encircle the shutter release button, but many other brands will put this switch elsewhere on the body.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​បិទ បើក (Power switch)
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​បិទ ឬ​បើក កាមេរ៉ា ដែល​មាន​ទីតាំង​នៅ​ក្បែរ​ប៊ូតុង​ថតរូប ប៉ុន្តែ​កាមេរ៉ា​ខ្លះ​មាន​ទីតាំង​ផ្សេង​។

Exposure compensation-aperture button — Most entry-level DSLRs make do with a single command dial which, by default, will control the shutter speed when in manual mode. If you want to control aperture, you need to hold down this button. If not in manual mode, this button allows you to adjust exposure compensation — that is, make the image brighter or darker while still letting the camera make its own decisions about which settings to use to achieve that.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​កំណត់​ ​Exposure compensation-aperture (Exposure comp.)
កាមេរ៉ា​ប្រភេទ​ ​DSLR កម្រិត​ដំបូង​ភាគច្រើន​មាន​តែ​ ​Command dial ដែល​គ្រប់គ្រង​លើ​ ​shutter speed ក្នុង​ ​Manual mode។​ ​ប្រសិនបើ​អ្នក​ចង់​គ្រប់គ្រង​ ​Aperture អ្នក​អាច​ចុច​ឲ្យ​ជាប់​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ។ ក្នុង​ ​Auto mode អ្នក​អាច​កំណត់​នូវ​ ​exposure compensation ដែល​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​រូបភាព​ភ្លឺ​ ​ឬ​ងងឹត ដោយ​ប្រើប្រាស់​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ។

Mode dial — This sets the camera to your desired shooting mode. The standard modes are Program, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority, and Manual (denoted by the P, S, A, and M positions on the dial). Most cameras, especially entry-level models, will also have a “green box” automatic mode, which is basically fool-proof and will even raise the pop-up flash automatically when needed. A no-flash automatic mode — located directly below full automatic, at least in our example — keeps all settings in automatic, but will disable the pop-up flash when you don’t want to use it. Scene modes contain automated presets for capturing landscapes, portraits, and sports, while Effects modes usually offer different digital enhancements, like selective color.

  • -Mode dial
Mode dial​ ​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​កំណត់​នូវ​ ​shooting mode​ ​ដែល​មាន​ ​Program, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority និង​ ​Manual។​ ​អ្នក​ក៏​អាច​កំណត់​ ​Flash ឲ្យ​បើក​ ​ឬ​បិទ​បាន​ផង​ដែរ​ ​ម្យ៉ាងទៀត អ្នក​ក៏​អាច​ប្រើប្រាស់ mode ស្រាប់ៗ ​ដូចជា​ ​landscapes, portraits, sport ផង​ដែរ​។ល។ សម្រាប់ Effects mode អ្នក​អាច​ជ្រើសរើស​ពណ៌​បន្ថែម​លើ​រូបភាព​បាន​។

Live view switch — Some cameras have a switch, others a button, but this locks the mirror in a DSLR, blocking the optical viewfinder and allowing you to preview your image directly on the LCD screen. This has limited use for still photography, but you must be in live view to shoot video. Mirrorless cameras are always in live view, so they won’t have this switch. However, if you have a mirrorless camera with an electronic viewfinder, you will have a button to change from the viewfinder to the rear screen.

  • -Live view switch
អ្នក​អាច​ប្ដូរ​ការ​បង្ហាញ​រូបភាព​កំឡុង​ពេល​ថត​តាម​រយៈ​អេក្រង់​ ​LCD ឬ​Viewfinder។ ជា​ទូទៅ​សម្រាប់​ថត​វីដេអូ​ប្រាកដ​ណាស់​ត្រូវ​ប្រើប្រាស់​ ​LCD។

Command dial — This lets you adjust shutter speed and, when the exposure compensation-aperture button is held, aperture. Most cameras also make use of the command dial for navigating menus or controlling other context-sensitive functions (like ISO or white balance). While the D5600 and other entry-level models have a single command dial, higher-end cameras often have two or even three, allowing for shutter speed, aperture, and sometimes ISO to be adjusted on dedicated dials.

  • -Command dial
វា​អាច​ឲ្យ​អ្នក កំណត់​នូវ​​ shutter speed និង​កំណត់​ ​Aperture ពេល​ចុច​ជាប់​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​ ​exposure compensation-aperture។

Lens and side of the camera


what does this do an explanation of dslr buttons camera button guide left

Generally, buttons placed on the side of your camera won’t be for commonly-used functions. There are some interesting controls on the D5600, however, that make it worth investigating.

Flash button — In any of the “advanced” exposure modes (P, S, A, or M), this button will trigger the pop-up flash. Its location may vary from camera to camera, but the “lightning bolt” symbol is universal, so you’ll always be able to find it. The icon next to it is the flash symbol, plus the exposure compensation symbol. Holding this button will let you adjust flash exposure compensation, allowing you to adjust how bright you want the flash to be.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​ ​Flash (Flash Button)
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ សម្រាប់​បើក Flash ដែល​មាន​ទីតាំង​ខុសៗ​គ្នា​ទៅ​តាម​ប្រភេទ​កាមេរ៉ា ហើយ វា​មាន​សញ្ញា រន្ទះ។ អ្នក​អាច​កំណត់​កម្រិត​ពន្លឺ​របស់ Flash ដោយ​ចុច​ឲ្យ​ជាប់​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​។

Function button — Some cameras have a slew of these. Function buttons are useful because they can be programmed to do whatever you want. If there’s a feature of your camera that’s buried in the menu but you’d like to be more accessible, chances are you can assign it to a function button.

  • -ប៊ូតុង Function (Function Button)
អ្នក​អាច​កំណត់​នូវ​មុខងារ​អ្វី​មួយ​របស់​កាមេរ៉ា ដែល​អ្នក​ឧស្សាហ៍​ប្រើប្រាស់ ទៅ​កាន់​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​បាន ដែល​ងាយស្រួល​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្រើប្រាស់​ពេល​ថត​។

Zoom ring — Usually the larger of the lens rings, turning the zoom ring zooms the lens in or out.

  • -Zoom ring

Zoom ring ជា​រង្វង់​ធំ​របស់ Lens សម្រាប់ Zoom in ឬ Out។

Lens retract button — Retractable lenses are becoming increasingly popular as they are more compact than non-retractable models. You must press this button to initially “zoom” the lens into its operational position, and again to retract it when you’re done shooting.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​ Lens retract (Lens retract button)

អ្នក​អាច​ប្រើប្រាស់ ប៊ូតុង​នេះ ដើម្បី​ដំណើរការ Zoom របស់ Lens ហើយ​ចុច​ម្ដង​ទៀត ដើម្បី​បិទ​ពេល​អ្នក​បញ្ចប់​ការ​ថត​។

Lens release button — Press this button to unlock the lens mount and detach the lens by rotating it. You don’t need to press it when mounting a lens.

  • -Lens release button
អ្នក​អាច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ រួច​មួរ Lens បន្តិច ដើម្បី​ដោះ Lens ចេញ​ពី​តួ​កាមេរ៉ា ហើយ​ពេល​ដាក់ Lens អ្នក​មិន​ចាំ​បាច់ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​ទេ​។

Drive mode button — This lets you control the camera’s drive mode, allowing you to take a single shot, shoot continuously, or use a countdown timer. This button is in a pretty unique position in our example, but most manufacturers will place it on the back or top of the camera. Nikon’s designers, however, likely needed to make use of that negative space, so they put it here. Like the flash symbol, the icons used for continuous drive and the timer are universal, so you’ll be able to easily identify these on other cameras. Keep in mind that many cameras won’t have a dedicated button for these features, however, meaning they will live within the menu somewhere.

  • -ប៊ូតុង Drive mode
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ សម្រាប់​គ្រប់គ្រង​លើ drive mode ដែល​អាច​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ថត​តែ​មួយ ឬ​ថត​រូបភាព​បន្ត​បន្ទាប់ ឬ​ធ្វើ​ការ​កំណត់​រយៈ​ពេល​ថត​។ កាមេរ៉ា​ភាគច្រើន មាន​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ នៅ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ ឬ​ផ្នែក​ខាងក្រោយ​កាមេរ៉ា។ វា​មាន​រូប​សញ្ញា នាឡិកា​នៅ​ក្បែរ​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​។

The back of the camera


what does this do an explanation of dslr buttons camera button guide back

Well, this looks like a mess! But don’t worry, most of the controls here are pretty self-explanatory. Much of what you’ll find on the back of a camera is related to menu navigation and playback, although a few of these buttons are useful during shooting, too.

Menu button — Like you may have guessed, this brings up the camera’s menu, where you can change image quality, autofocus settings, and everything else about your camera. Note: If you’re in “green box” auto mode, some menu options may be unavailable.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​ Menu button
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ សម្រាប់​បង្ហាញ​នូវ Menu ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​ផ្លាស់ប្ដូរ​កម្រិត​គុណភាព​រូបភាព, កំណត់ autofocus និង​ផ្នែក​ជា​ច្រើន​អំពី​កាមេរ៉ា​។

Diopter adjustment — On cameras with viewfinders, the diopter adjustment lets you focus the viewfinder. If everything looks out of focus when you hold the camera to your eye, even when autofocus is turned on, the problem may lie with the diopter. So before you return your lens for a refund, play around with this adjustment. Mis-focused diopters are a common source of frustration for first-time DSLR buyers, but, fortunately, the fix is often very simple.

  • -Diopter adjustment

Diopter adjustment អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក focus លើ viewfinder។ ប្រសិនបើ​គ្រប់​យ៉ាង​មើល​ទៅ ការ focus មិន​ត្រឹមត្រូវ ពេល​អ្នក​មើល​ជិត​នឹង viewfinder កំឡុង auto focus បើក បញ្ហា​អាច​មាន​ជា​មួយ diopter។ អ្នក​ពិនិត្យ​មើល adjustment ទាំង​នេះ មុន​ពេល​ទៅ​ហាង​ប្តូរ Lens។

Info button — While shooting, pressing this button will cycle through the camera’s various information displays. During image playback, it can display metadata, a histogram, and other pertinent information about the photo at hand.

  • -ប៊ូតុង Info
ពេល​អ្នក​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ កំឡុង​ពេល​ថត វា​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ ​Settings ដែល​អ្នក​កំពុង​ប្រើ ព្រមទាំង ស៊ុម​បន្ទាប់ សម្រាប់​កំណត់​ទីតាំង​ ​Subject ផង​ដែរ។ អ្នក​ក៏​អាច​ប្រើ​វា​ពេល​ចុច​មើល​រូបភាព​ដែល​បាន​ថត​រួច​ផង​ដែរ ដែល​បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​លំអិត​របស់​រូបភាព​នោះ​។

Autofocus-autoexposure lock — When using autofocus and autoexposure, holding this button down will lock those settings, even if you move the camera. This isn’t often used by beginners, but it is beneficial for more advanced shooters who can use it to take several shots with different framings while ensuring all remain focused on the same point and exposed identically.

  • -Autofocus-autoexposure lock

ពេល​ប្រើប្រាស់​ ​Auto focus និង Auto exposure អ្នក​អាច​ចុច​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​ឲ្យ​ជាប់​ដើម្បី​ ​lock settings​ ​ទោះ​បី​កាមេរ៉ា​រំកិល​ទីតាំង​វា​នូវ​រក្សា​ការ​ ​Focus លើ​ ​Subject ដដែល។ វា​ជា​ចំណុច​ល្អ ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​ថត​មុំ​រូប​ខុស​គ្នា លើ subject ដដែល​បាន​។

Image playback button — Press this button to review images (and videos) on the LCD screen. Pretty simple, no?

  • -ប៊ូតុង Image playback
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ សម្រាប់​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​រូបភាព ឬ​វីដេអូ ដែល​អ្នក​បាន​ថត​រួច​។ វា​មាន​ទីតាំង​នៅ​ក្បែរ​អេក្រង់​តំណាង​ដោយ​រូប​សញ្ញា Play។

button — Nikon really does call this the “i” button — probably because it already has an “info” button on its cameras. Many other brands have a similar button, usually denoted by a “Q,” for “quick menu.” Pressing this button brings up a set of functions on the camera’s LCD screen, which can be controlled directly. This can be useful for adjusting ISO, white balance, and drive mode settings on cameras that don’t have dedicated buttons or dials for said features.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​អក្សរ i 
កាមេរ៉ា​ខ្លះ​មាន​ប៊ូតុង​អក្សរ i ឬ Q ដែល​ពេល​ចុច​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​បណ្ដុំ​នៃ​មុខងារ​មួយ​ចំនួន​លើ​អេក្រង់​ ​LCD​ ​ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​កំណត់​បាន។ ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​សម្រាប់​កំណត់​ ​ISO, white balance និង​ ​Drive mode settings លើ​កាមេរ៉ា​ដែល​គ្មាន​ប៊ូតុង​ ​dials សម្រាប់​កំណត់​មុខងារ​។

OK button — This is used primarily for selecting menu items, but on some cameras, it will also center the active focus point when using single-point autofocus.

  • -ប៊ូតុង OK
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ ប្រើប្រាស់​សម្រាប់​ជ្រើសរើស​ ​Menu items ហើយ​វា​ក៏​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​ ​Focus​ ​នៅ​ចំណុច​កណ្ដាល​នៃ​រូបភាព​ពេល​ថត​ផង​ដែរ​។

Multi selector — Although this may be known by a different name on other brands, most cameras incorporate some sort of four-way controller like this. Beyond using it for navigation, many manufacturers will map shooting functions to each direction. This can also be used to move the active focus point in single-point AF mode, although some cameras will have a separate, dedicated control for this.

  • -Multi selector

Multi selector អ្នក​អាច​ប្រើប្រាស់​សម្រាប់​រំកិល​ ​Menu, ជ្រើសរើស​ ​Menu, ប្ដូរ ឬ​បន្ថែម​តម្លៃ​លើ​មុខងារ​នីមួយៗ។

Magnify button — We took the liberty of labeling this as “magnify” rather than “zoom” in order to avoid confusion, as this button has nothing to do with zooming the lens. This is for magnifying an image during playback, allowing you to see greater detail, which is often useful for ensuring the camera focused where you wanted it to. Some cameras even let you use this button to magnify a live-view image.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​ ​Magnify
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​មិនមែន​សម្រាប់​ ​zoom ដោយ Lens នោះ​ទេ​ ​តែ​សម្រាប់​ពង្រីក​មើល​ភាព​លំអិត​នៃ​រូបភាព​ដើម្បី​ធានា​ថា​កាមេរ៉ា​ ​Focus បាន​ត្រឹមត្រូវ កំឡុង​ពេល playback (ពេល​បើក​មើល​រូបភាព​)។ កាមេរ៉ា​ខ្លះ ក៏​អាច​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​កំឡុង​ពេល​ថត​រូប​ផង​ដែរ​។

Delete button — Denoted by a universal trash can icon, pressing this button will let you delete a photo from your memory card during playback. Every manufacturer does it a bit differently, but it won’t ever be a one-touch process. You will have to press the button twice, or another button — like the OK button — afterward to confirm your decision.

  • -ប៊ូតុង Delete
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​លុប​រូបភាព ឬ​វីដេអូ​ពី​កាមេរ៉ា​ដែល​មាន​រូបភាព​ធុង​សំរាម​ជា​តំណាង។ អ្នក​ត្រូវ​ចុច​ពីរ​ដង​ក្នុង​ការ​លុប​ដើម្បី​បញ្ជាក់​ថា​អ្នក​ពិត​ជា​ចង់​លុប​មែន។

Demagnify button — Again, we’re not calling this “zoom out.” This is the opposite of the aforementioned magnify button, but will also let you expand the playback view to show multiple image thumbnails at once. Some cameras will even let you pull back into folder or calendar views. This can be useful for quickly navigating through large image libraries, as modern memory cards can hold thousands of images. You’ll also notice that Nikon has a “?” next to the magnifying glass symbol. This button performs double duty as the help button; you can press it to see tips regarding a particular menu function.

  • -ប៊ូតុង​ ​Demagnify
ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​មិន​មែន​សម្រាប់​ ​Zoom out នោះ​ទេ​ ដែល​មាន​ទីតាំង​នៅ​ក្បែរ​អេក្រង់​ ដែល​តំណាង​ដោយ​រូប​កែវ​ពង្រីក​មាន​សញ្ញា ដក​។ វា​សម្រាប់​បង្ហាញ​នូវ រូបភាព​ខ្នាត​តូច​ ​(thumbnail)​ ​ជា​ច្រើន​ក្នុង​ពេល​តែ​មួយ​។ អ្នក​អាច​ចូល​មើល​រូបភាព​ក្នុង​បណ្ដុំ​ជាច្រើន​បាន​រហ័ស​ ​និង​ងាយស្រួល។ ប៊ូតុង​នេះ​ក៏​អាច​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​គន្លឹះ​ផ្សេងៗ​អំពី​កាមេរ៉ា​ផង​ដែរ៕


And there you have it! Hopefully this overview has given you a clearer understanding of how the controls work on a modern camera with an interchangeable lens. These cameras often appear complex, but over time, all of this complexity fades away as you become more comfortable with the controls. There’s a good chance that many of these buttons will be used sparingly, too. As long as you know where the mode dial, command dial, and shutter release are located, you’re well on your way to mastering your camera.

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