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To help you learn more about your new camera and its functions, we’ve put together this guide explaining what each button on your typical DSLR’s body and lens does. Exact placement of these buttons varies between models, brands, and camera type, but they’re usually situated in the same general location and offer similar functionality. Learning the layout of one camera — in this case, a Nikon D5600 with a retractable kit lens — will help you better understand other models, as well. Read on to find out more.
The top of the camera
The top of the camera is usually where you’ll find the most commonly-used controls. Some cameras are chock-full of buttons and dials on top, but the D5600 keeps it as simple as possible with just the essentials.
Video start-stop button — Don’t press the red button! Unless you want to shoot video, that is. This button may show up in a different position on your camera, but it is likely still decorated with a red dot. Some cameras forgo a separate record button and instead use the regular shutter button, along with a movie mode on the mode dial, for shooting videos.
- ប៊ូតុងថតវីដេអូ (Video start/stop)
ប៊ូតុងនេះ ប្រើសម្រាប់ ថតវីដេអូ ដែលតំណាងដោយ ប៊ូតុងមានចំណុចក្រហមពីលើ។ កាមេរ៉ាខ្លះប្រើប្រាស់ប៊ូតុងថតរូបធម្មតាដោយអាចប្ដូរ Mode ជា Movie mode លើ Mode dial សម្រាប់ថតវីដេអូ។
Power switch — This turns the camera on and off. Nikon power switches typically encircle the shutter release button, but many other brands will put this switch elsewhere on the body.
- -ប៊ូតុងបិទ បើក (Power switch)
ប៊ូតុងនេះ ប្រើសម្រាប់បិទ ឬបើក កាមេរ៉ា ដែលមានទីតាំងនៅក្បែរប៊ូតុងថតរូប ប៉ុន្តែកាមេរ៉ាខ្លះមានទីតាំងផ្សេង។
Shutter release button — Press this button to take a picture! It’s almost always located in the same position on all interchangeable lens cameras.
- -ប៊ូតុងថតរូប (Shutter release)
ប៊ូតុងនេះ ប្រើសម្រាប់ថតរូប ដែលមានទីតាំងនៅក្បែរ កន្លែងប្ដូរ Lens។
- -ប៊ូតុងកំណត់ Exposure compensation-aperture (Exposure comp.)
កាមេរ៉ាប្រភេទ DSLR កម្រិតដំបូងភាគច្រើនមានតែ Command dial ដែលគ្រប់គ្រងលើ shutter speed ក្នុង Manual mode។ ប្រសិនបើអ្នកចង់គ្រប់គ្រង Aperture អ្នកអាចចុចឲ្យជាប់លើប៊ូតុងនេះ។ ក្នុង Auto mode អ្នកអាចកំណត់នូវ exposure compensation ដែលធ្វើឲ្យរូបភាពភ្លឺ ឬងងឹត ដោយប្រើប្រាស់ប៊ូតុងនេះ។
Mode dial — This sets the camera to your desired shooting mode. The standard modes are Program, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority, and Manual (denoted by the P, S, A, and M positions on the dial). Most cameras, especially entry-level models, will also have a “green box” automatic mode, which is basically fool-proof and will even raise the pop-up flash automatically when needed. A no-flash automatic mode — located directly below full automatic, at least in our example — keeps all settings in automatic, but will disable the pop-up flash when you don’t want to use it. Scene modes contain automated presets for capturing landscapes, portraits, and sports, while Effects modes usually offer different digital enhancements, like selective color.
- -Mode dial
Mode dial ប្រើសម្រាប់កំណត់នូវ shooting mode ដែលមាន Program, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority និង Manual។ អ្នកក៏អាចកំណត់ Flash ឲ្យបើក ឬបិទបានផងដែរ ម្យ៉ាងទៀត អ្នកក៏អាចប្រើប្រាស់ mode ស្រាប់ៗ ដូចជា landscapes, portraits, sport ផងដែរ។ល។ សម្រាប់ Effects mode អ្នកអាចជ្រើសរើសពណ៌បន្ថែមលើរូបភាពបាន។
Live view switch — Some cameras have a switch, others a button, but this locks the mirror in a DSLR, blocking the optical viewfinder and allowing you to preview your image directly on the LCD screen. This has limited use for still photography, but you must be in live view to shoot video. Mirrorless cameras are always in live view, so they won’t have this switch. However, if you have a mirrorless camera with an electronic viewfinder, you will have a button to change from the viewfinder to the rear screen.
- -Live view switch
អ្នកអាចប្ដូរការបង្ហាញរូបភាពកំឡុងពេលថតតាមរយៈអេក្រង់ LCD ឬViewfinder។ ជាទូទៅសម្រាប់ថតវីដេអូប្រាកដណាស់ត្រូវប្រើប្រាស់ LCD។
Command dial — This lets you adjust shutter speed and, when the exposure compensation-aperture button is held, aperture. Most cameras also make use of the command dial for navigating menus or controlling other context-sensitive functions (like ISO or white balance). While the D5600 and other entry-level models have a single command dial, higher-end cameras often have two or even three, allowing for shutter speed, aperture, and sometimes ISO to be adjusted on dedicated dials.
- -Command dial
វាអាចឲ្យអ្នក កំណត់នូវ shutter speed និងកំណត់ Aperture ពេលចុចជាប់លើប៊ូតុង exposure compensation-aperture។
Lens and side of the camera
Generally, buttons placed on the side of your camera won’t be for commonly-used functions. There are some interesting controls on the D5600, however, that make it worth investigating.
Flash button — In any of the “advanced” exposure modes (P, S, A, or M), this button will trigger the pop-up flash. Its location may vary from camera to camera, but the “lightning bolt” symbol is universal, so you’ll always be able to find it. The icon next to it is the flash symbol, plus the exposure compensation symbol. Holding this button will let you adjust flash exposure compensation, allowing you to adjust how bright you want the flash to be.
- -ប៊ូតុង Flash (Flash Button)
ប៊ូតុងនេះ សម្រាប់បើក Flash ដែលមានទីតាំងខុសៗគ្នាទៅតាមប្រភេទកាមេរ៉ា ហើយ វាមានសញ្ញា រន្ទះ។ អ្នកអាចកំណត់កម្រិតពន្លឺរបស់ Flash ដោយចុចឲ្យជាប់លើប៊ូតុងនេះ។
Function button — Some cameras have a slew of these. Function buttons are useful because they can be programmed to do whatever you want. If there’s a feature of your camera that’s buried in the menu but you’d like to be more accessible, chances are you can assign it to a function button.
- -ប៊ូតុង Function (Function Button)
អ្នកអាចកំណត់នូវមុខងារអ្វីមួយរបស់កាមេរ៉ា ដែលអ្នកឧស្សាហ៍ប្រើប្រាស់ ទៅកាន់ប៊ូតុងនេះបាន ដែលងាយស្រួលក្នុងការប្រើប្រាស់ពេលថត។
Zoom ring — Usually the larger of the lens rings, turning the zoom ring zooms the lens in or out.
- -Zoom ring
Zoom ring ជារង្វង់ធំរបស់ Lens សម្រាប់ Zoom in ឬ Out។
Focus ring — The smaller of the lens rings, rotating
this ring allows you to adjust focus — but only when autofocus is
turned off. On an entry-level lens like this one, you’ll notice the
focus ring is particularly small. Lenses oriented toward professionals
will often have larger focus rings owing to the fact that experienced
users are more likely to use manual focus than beginners.
- -Focus ring
Focus ring ជារង្វង់តូចរបស់ Lens សម្រាប់កំណត់ការ Focus លើរូបភាព ប៉ុន្តែប្រើបានតែចំពោះ manual focus ប៉ុណ្ណោះ។
- -ប៊ូតុង Lens retract (Lens retract button)
អ្នកអាចប្រើប្រាស់ ប៊ូតុងនេះ ដើម្បីដំណើរការ Zoom របស់ Lens ហើយចុចម្ដងទៀត ដើម្បីបិទពេលអ្នកបញ្ចប់ការថត។
Lens release button — Press this button to unlock the lens mount and detach the lens by rotating it. You don’t need to press it when mounting a lens.
- -Lens release button
អ្នកអាចចុចប៊ូតុងនេះ រួចមួរ Lens បន្តិច ដើម្បីដោះ Lens ចេញពីតួកាមេរ៉ា ហើយពេលដាក់ Lens អ្នកមិនចាំបាច់ ចុចប៊ូតុងនេះទេ។
Drive mode button — This lets you control the camera’s drive mode, allowing you to take a single shot, shoot continuously, or use a countdown timer. This button is in a pretty unique position in our example, but most manufacturers will place it on the back or top of the camera. Nikon’s designers, however, likely needed to make use of that negative space, so they put it here. Like the flash symbol, the icons used for continuous drive and the timer are universal, so you’ll be able to easily identify these on other cameras. Keep in mind that many cameras won’t have a dedicated button for these features, however, meaning they will live within the menu somewhere.
- -ប៊ូតុង Drive mode
ប៊ូតុងនេះ សម្រាប់គ្រប់គ្រងលើ drive mode ដែលអាចឲ្យអ្នកថតតែមួយ ឬថតរូបភាពបន្តបន្ទាប់ ឬធ្វើការកំណត់រយៈពេលថត។ កាមេរ៉ាភាគច្រើន មានប៊ូតុងនេះ នៅផ្នែកខាងលើ ឬផ្នែកខាងក្រោយកាមេរ៉ា។ វាមានរូបសញ្ញា នាឡិកានៅក្បែរប៊ូតុងនេះ។
The back of the camera
Well, this looks like a mess! But don’t worry, most of the controls here are pretty self-explanatory. Much of what you’ll find on the back of a camera is related to menu navigation and playback, although a few of these buttons are useful during shooting, too.
Menu button — Like you may have guessed, this brings up the camera’s menu, where you can change image quality, autofocus settings, and everything else about your camera. Note: If you’re in “green box” auto mode, some menu options may be unavailable.
- -ប៊ូតុង Menu button
ប៊ូតុងនេះ សម្រាប់បង្ហាញនូវ Menu ដែលអ្នកអាចផ្លាស់ប្ដូរកម្រិតគុណភាពរូបភាព, កំណត់ autofocus និងផ្នែកជាច្រើនអំពីកាមេរ៉ា។
Diopter adjustment — On cameras with viewfinders, the diopter adjustment lets you focus the viewfinder. If everything looks out of focus when you hold the camera to your eye, even when autofocus is turned on, the problem may lie with the diopter. So before you return your lens for a refund, play around with this adjustment. Mis-focused diopters are a common source of frustration for first-time DSLR buyers, but, fortunately, the fix is often very simple.
- -Diopter adjustment
Diopter adjustment អនុញ្ញាតឲ្យអ្នក focus លើ viewfinder។ ប្រសិនបើគ្រប់យ៉ាងមើលទៅ ការ focus មិនត្រឹមត្រូវ ពេលអ្នកមើលជិតនឹង viewfinder កំឡុង auto focus បើក បញ្ហាអាចមានជាមួយ diopter។ អ្នកពិនិត្យមើល adjustment ទាំងនេះ មុនពេលទៅហាងប្តូរ Lens។
Info button — While shooting, pressing this button will cycle through the camera’s various information displays. During image playback, it can display metadata, a histogram, and other pertinent information about the photo at hand.
- -ប៊ូតុង Info
ពេលអ្នកចុចប៊ូតុងនេះ កំឡុងពេលថត វានឹងបង្ហាញព័ត៌មានអំពី Settings ដែលអ្នកកំពុងប្រើ ព្រមទាំង ស៊ុមបន្ទាប់ សម្រាប់កំណត់ទីតាំង Subject ផងដែរ។ អ្នកក៏អាចប្រើវាពេលចុចមើលរូបភាពដែលបានថតរួចផងដែរ ដែលបង្ហាញព័ត៌មានលំអិតរបស់រូបភាពនោះ។
Autofocus-autoexposure lock — When using autofocus and autoexposure, holding this button down will lock those settings, even if you move the camera. This isn’t often used by beginners, but it is beneficial for more advanced shooters who can use it to take several shots with different framings while ensuring all remain focused on the same point and exposed identically.
- -Autofocus-autoexposure lock
ពេលប្រើប្រាស់ Auto focus និង Auto exposure អ្នកអាចចុចលើប៊ូតុងនេះឲ្យជាប់ដើម្បី lock settings ទោះបីកាមេរ៉ារំកិលទីតាំងវានូវរក្សាការ Focus លើ Subject ដដែល។ វាជាចំណុចល្អ ដែលអ្នកអាចថតមុំរូបខុសគ្នា លើ subject ដដែលបាន។
Image playback button — Press this button to review images (and videos) on the LCD screen. Pretty simple, no?
- -ប៊ូតុង Image playback
ប៊ូតុងនេះ សម្រាប់ពិនិត្យមើលរូបភាព ឬវីដេអូ ដែលអ្នកបានថតរួច។ វាមានទីតាំងនៅក្បែរអេក្រង់តំណាងដោយរូបសញ្ញា Play។
i button — Nikon really does call this the “i” button — probably because it already has an “info” button on its cameras. Many other brands have a similar button, usually denoted by a “Q,” for “quick menu.” Pressing this button brings up a set of functions on the camera’s LCD screen, which can be controlled directly. This can be useful for adjusting ISO, white balance, and drive mode settings on cameras that don’t have dedicated buttons or dials for said features.
- -ប៊ូតុងអក្សរ i
កាមេរ៉ាខ្លះមានប៊ូតុងអក្សរ i ឬ Q ដែលពេលចុចនឹងបង្ហាញនូវបណ្ដុំនៃមុខងារមួយចំនួនលើអេក្រង់ LCD ដែលអ្នកអាចកំណត់បាន។ ប៊ូតុងនេះមានប្រយោជន៍សម្រាប់កំណត់ ISO, white balance និង Drive mode settings លើកាមេរ៉ាដែលគ្មានប៊ូតុង dials សម្រាប់កំណត់មុខងារ។
OK button — This is used primarily for selecting menu items, but on some cameras, it will also center the active focus point when using single-point autofocus.
- -ប៊ូតុង OK
ប៊ូតុងនេះ ប្រើប្រាស់សម្រាប់ជ្រើសរើស Menu items ហើយវាក៏ប្រើសម្រាប់ Focus នៅចំណុចកណ្ដាលនៃរូបភាពពេលថតផងដែរ។
Multi selector — Although this may be known by a different name on other brands, most cameras incorporate some sort of four-way controller like this. Beyond using it for navigation, many manufacturers will map shooting functions to each direction. This can also be used to move the active focus point in single-point AF mode, although some cameras will have a separate, dedicated control for this.
- -Multi selector
Multi selector អ្នកអាចប្រើប្រាស់សម្រាប់រំកិល Menu, ជ្រើសរើស Menu, ប្ដូរ ឬបន្ថែមតម្លៃលើមុខងារនីមួយៗ។
Magnify button — We took the liberty of labeling this as “magnify” rather than “zoom” in order to avoid confusion, as this button has nothing to do with zooming the lens. This is for magnifying an image during playback, allowing you to see greater detail, which is often useful for ensuring the camera focused where you wanted it to. Some cameras even let you use this button to magnify a live-view image.
- -ប៊ូតុង Magnify
ប៊ូតុងនេះមិនមែនសម្រាប់ zoom ដោយ Lens នោះទេ តែសម្រាប់ពង្រីកមើលភាពលំអិតនៃរូបភាពដើម្បីធានាថាកាមេរ៉ា Focus បានត្រឹមត្រូវ កំឡុងពេល playback (ពេលបើកមើលរូបភាព)។ កាមេរ៉ាខ្លះ ក៏អាចពិនិត្យមើលកំឡុងពេលថតរូបផងដែរ។
Delete button — Denoted by a universal trash can icon, pressing this button will let you delete a photo from your memory card during playback. Every manufacturer does it a bit differently, but it won’t ever be a one-touch process. You will have to press the button twice, or another button — like the OK button — afterward to confirm your decision.
- -ប៊ូតុង Delete
ប៊ូតុងនេះ ប្រើសម្រាប់លុបរូបភាព ឬវីដេអូពីកាមេរ៉ាដែលមានរូបភាពធុងសំរាមជាតំណាង។ អ្នកត្រូវចុចពីរដងក្នុងការលុបដើម្បីបញ្ជាក់ថាអ្នកពិតជាចង់លុបមែន។
Demagnify button — Again, we’re not calling this “zoom out.” This is the opposite of the aforementioned magnify button, but will also let you expand the playback view to show multiple image thumbnails at once. Some cameras will even let you pull back into folder or calendar views. This can be useful for quickly navigating through large image libraries, as modern memory cards can hold thousands of images. You’ll also notice that Nikon has a “?” next to the magnifying glass symbol. This button performs double duty as the help button; you can press it to see tips regarding a particular menu function.
- -ប៊ូតុង Demagnify
ប៊ូតុងនេះមិនមែនសម្រាប់ Zoom out នោះទេ ដែលមានទីតាំងនៅក្បែរអេក្រង់ ដែលតំណាងដោយរូបកែវពង្រីកមានសញ្ញា ដក។ វាសម្រាប់បង្ហាញនូវ រូបភាពខ្នាតតូច (thumbnail) ជាច្រើនក្នុងពេលតែមួយ។ អ្នកអាចចូលមើលរូបភាពក្នុងបណ្ដុំជាច្រើនបានរហ័ស និងងាយស្រួល។ ប៊ូតុងនេះក៏អាចបង្ហាញនូវគន្លឹះផ្សេងៗអំពីកាមេរ៉ាផងដែរ៕
And there you have it! Hopefully this overview has given you a clearer understanding of how the controls work on a modern camera with an interchangeable lens. These cameras often appear complex, but over time, all of this complexity fades away as you become more comfortable with the controls. There’s a good chance that many of these buttons will be used sparingly, too. As long as you know where the mode dial, command dial, and shutter release are located, you’re well on your way to mastering your camera.
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